Matthew 9:35-10:15 Lesson 18
Read both the "King James Bible" and the "New Living Translation."
In this lesson:
Jesus was the first evangelist, but not the last.
Now it's time for His disciples to spread the word.
But before they do, they need instructions (Matthew 10:5-14).
Also, God will judge us (10:15).
Study Tip:
Click on the links.
Click on the links.
Who was -
Philip -
From Bethsaida in Galilee (John 1:44; 12:21), Philip was the fourth of the original twelve disciples, (John 1:40-43). He immediately brought Bartholomew (also called Nathanael), the fifth disciple, to meet Jesus (John 1:45-46). We see Jesus test Philip in John 6:5-6 and gently chastise him for his lack of faith in John 14:7-9. "Certain Greeks," asked Philip to introduce them to Jesus (John 12:20-23). After the crucifixion it is believed that Philip was sent north to Phrygia in Central Asia Minor to spread the Gospel and that he died at Hieropolis in Syria. Not to be confused with Philip, the evangelist.
Bartholomew -
Also called Nathanael (John 1:45-46). From Cana in Galilee (John 21:2), Bartholomew was born into a Jewish family and became the fifth of the original twelve disciples. Jesus described him as being without "guile" (John 1:47).
Thomas -
Another of the original twelve disciples (Matthew 10:2-3), Thomas was also called Didymus, (Greek for twin). Despite saying he was willing to die with Jesus (John 11:16), Thomas fled with everyone else when Christ was arrested (Matthew 26:56; Mark 14:50). When the other disciples told Thomas that they had seen the resurrected Jesus, Thomas didn't believe them (John 20:24-25). This is where the term "Doubting Thomas" comes from. Eight days later Thomas saw Jesus and was invited to place his finger inside Jesus' wounds (John 20:26-29). Thomas saw Jesus again, with six other disciples, on the Sea of Galilee (John 21:1-2). After that, Thomas became a faithful servant and helped spread Christianity. Today, the Christians of Malabar, India regard Thomas as the founder of their church and call themselves the "Thomas Christians."
James, the son of Alphaeus -
Sometimes called James the less or James the younger (he was younger than another disciple named James). James was the son of Alphaeus (Luke 6:15) and Mary (Mark 15:40), one of the original twelve disciples (Matthew 10:1-3; Mark 3:14-18; Luke 6:13-15) and brother to the disciple Judas (Luke 6:16; Acts 1:13; Jude 1:1), often called Jude, Juda or Thaddaeus.
Thaddaeus -
Also called Jude, Juda or Judas Lebbaeus surnamed Thaddaeus (Matthew 10:3), he was one of the original twelve disciples. He was the author of "The General Epistle of Jude" (Jude 1:1) and brother to James the less (Acts 1:13). At first, Judas did not believe Jesus was the Messiah (Mark 6:3) but eventually became a follower. Some Bible scholars believe he founded the church in Edessa. Jesus had two disciples named Judas, this one and Judas Iscariot who betrayed Him (Luke 6:16; John 14:22).
Simon the Canaanite-
One of the original twelve disciples (Matthew 10:4; Mark 3:18) sometimes called Simon Zelotes (Luke 6:15; Acts 1:13). So named because Simon was a member of the Zelotes, meaning zealot. Judaism had four factions; Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, and the Zealots. Unlike the other factions, the Zealots were strident defenders of the Mosaic Law and refused to bend to Gentile authority. The Zealots were opposed to paying Roman taxes (Luke 20:22) and periodically resorted to armed rebellion against Rome. They often conducted terrorist type attacks and assassinated Romans or Jewish leaders who cooperated with the Roman's. In part, it was one of their uprisings in 70 AD that leads to the destruction of Jerusalem at the hands of Titus and the Roman army.
Judas Iscariot -
The son of Simon Iscariot (John 12:4; 13:2; 13:26) and one of the original twelve disciples (Matthew 10:4; Mark 3:19; Luke 6:16). Iscariot is Hebrew for "man of Kerioth," a town in southern Judea. Judas was a thief (John 12:6) who joined Jesus and was put in charge of the group's finances (John 13:29). Jesus predicted that he would be betrayed (Matthew 26:21-25; John 6:70-71; 13:21). Sure enough, Judas betrayed the Messiah (Mark 14:10; Luke 22:3-4; John 13:2) for "thirty pieces of silver" (Matthew 26:14-16) and then committed suicide (Matthew 27:5) out of remorse. Whenever the Bible lists the twelve disciples/apostles, Judas is always named last (10:2-4).
Philip -
From Bethsaida in Galilee (John 1:44; 12:21), Philip was the fourth of the original twelve disciples, (John 1:40-43). He immediately brought Bartholomew (also called Nathanael), the fifth disciple, to meet Jesus (John 1:45-46). We see Jesus test Philip in John 6:5-6 and gently chastise him for his lack of faith in John 14:7-9. "Certain Greeks," asked Philip to introduce them to Jesus (John 12:20-23). After the crucifixion it is believed that Philip was sent north to Phrygia in Central Asia Minor to spread the Gospel and that he died at Hieropolis in Syria. Not to be confused with Philip, the evangelist.
Bartholomew -
Also called Nathanael (John 1:45-46). From Cana in Galilee (John 21:2), Bartholomew was born into a Jewish family and became the fifth of the original twelve disciples. Jesus described him as being without "guile" (John 1:47).
Thomas -
Another of the original twelve disciples (Matthew 10:2-3), Thomas was also called Didymus, (Greek for twin). Despite saying he was willing to die with Jesus (John 11:16), Thomas fled with everyone else when Christ was arrested (Matthew 26:56; Mark 14:50). When the other disciples told Thomas that they had seen the resurrected Jesus, Thomas didn't believe them (John 20:24-25). This is where the term "Doubting Thomas" comes from. Eight days later Thomas saw Jesus and was invited to place his finger inside Jesus' wounds (John 20:26-29). Thomas saw Jesus again, with six other disciples, on the Sea of Galilee (John 21:1-2). After that, Thomas became a faithful servant and helped spread Christianity. Today, the Christians of Malabar, India regard Thomas as the founder of their church and call themselves the "Thomas Christians."
James, the son of Alphaeus -
Sometimes called James the less or James the younger (he was younger than another disciple named James). James was the son of Alphaeus (Luke 6:15) and Mary (Mark 15:40), one of the original twelve disciples (Matthew 10:1-3; Mark 3:14-18; Luke 6:13-15) and brother to the disciple Judas (Luke 6:16; Acts 1:13; Jude 1:1), often called Jude, Juda or Thaddaeus.
Thaddaeus -
Also called Jude, Juda or Judas Lebbaeus surnamed Thaddaeus (Matthew 10:3), he was one of the original twelve disciples. He was the author of "The General Epistle of Jude" (Jude 1:1) and brother to James the less (Acts 1:13). At first, Judas did not believe Jesus was the Messiah (Mark 6:3) but eventually became a follower. Some Bible scholars believe he founded the church in Edessa. Jesus had two disciples named Judas, this one and Judas Iscariot who betrayed Him (Luke 6:16; John 14:22).
Simon the Canaanite-
One of the original twelve disciples (Matthew 10:4; Mark 3:18) sometimes called Simon Zelotes (Luke 6:15; Acts 1:13). So named because Simon was a member of the Zelotes, meaning zealot. Judaism had four factions; Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, and the Zealots. Unlike the other factions, the Zealots were strident defenders of the Mosaic Law and refused to bend to Gentile authority. The Zealots were opposed to paying Roman taxes (Luke 20:22) and periodically resorted to armed rebellion against Rome. They often conducted terrorist type attacks and assassinated Romans or Jewish leaders who cooperated with the Roman's. In part, it was one of their uprisings in 70 AD that leads to the destruction of Jerusalem at the hands of Titus and the Roman army.
Judas Iscariot -
The son of Simon Iscariot (John 12:4; 13:2; 13:26) and one of the original twelve disciples (Matthew 10:4; Mark 3:19; Luke 6:16). Iscariot is Hebrew for "man of Kerioth," a town in southern Judea. Judas was a thief (John 12:6) who joined Jesus and was put in charge of the group's finances (John 13:29). Jesus predicted that he would be betrayed (Matthew 26:21-25; John 6:70-71; 13:21). Sure enough, Judas betrayed the Messiah (Mark 14:10; Luke 22:3-4; John 13:2) for "thirty pieces of silver" (Matthew 26:14-16) and then committed suicide (Matthew 27:5) out of remorse. Whenever the Bible lists the twelve disciples/apostles, Judas is always named last (10:2-4).